翻译是考研英语中的常考题型，也是大多数同学们公认比较难的题型，尤其对于英语一翻译而言，题目是5个长难句，对大家分析句子的能力也提出了更高的要求。但只要我们能掌握处理长难句的方法和翻译技巧，所有的问题都能迎刃而解。长难句，顾名思义长是难的原因之一，所以我们可以首先考虑断句，把句子分成简短的、更容易理解的部分，再分清每部分的结构和含义，分别翻译出来，最后整合到一起自然就完成了翻译过程，其实并不难。我们就以2014年的翻译题目为例，仔细带大家一起分析、翻译一下。

　　(46) It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words, all we can do is articulate our reactions to it, and not grasp music itself.

　　根据断句长短适中、语法长度完整的原则，我们可以把这句断成3个部分如下：

　　①It is also the reason why when we try to describe music with words,

　　②all we can do is articulate our reactions to it,

　　③and not grasp music itself.

　　分析各部分的结构：

　　① 主语(It)+系动词(is )+also+表语(the reason)+定语从句中的时间状语从句(why when we try to describe music with words, 其中with words是方式状语修饰describe)

　　② 定语从句中的主句：主语(all)+定语从句( we can do)+系动词(is)+表语1(articulate our reactions to it，其中to it是定语修饰reactions)

　　③ and+表语2(not grasp music itself，其中itself是music的同位语)

　　参考译文：这也是为什么当我们试图使用语言描述音乐时，我们能做的一切就是表达对音乐的感受而不是理解音乐本身。

　　(47)By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one, and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.

　　断句：

　　① By all accounts he was a freethinking person, and a courageous one,

　　②and I find courage an essential quality for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works.

　　各部分结构：

　　① 状语(By all accounts )+ 主语(he)+系动词(was)+表语1(a freethinking person)+ and + 表语2(a courageous one)

　　②and +主语(I )+ 谓语(find)+ 宾语(courage)+补语(an essential quality)+定语(for the understanding, let alone the performance, of his works，其中the understanding 和the performance并列做for的宾语，二者都由of his works修饰)

　　参考译文：人们普遍认为他是思想自由的人，更是一个有勇气的人，并且我发现勇气对于理解他的作品来说，是一种必要品质，更不必说演奏他的作品了。

　　(48) Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage was only rarely used by composers before him.

　　断句：

　　① Beethoven’s habit of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity

　　② and then abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage

　　③ was only rarely used by composers before him.

　　各部分结构：

　　① 主语(Beethoven’s habit )+定语(of increasing the volume with an extreme intensity，其中increasing the volume with an extreme intensity是of 的第一组宾语，with an extreme intensity做状语修饰increasing)

　　② and then + of 的第二组宾语(abruptly following it with a sudden soft passage，其中with a sudden soft passage为状语修饰following)

　　③ 谓语(was only rarely used by)+宾语(composers before him，其中before him为定语修饰composers)

　　参考译文：贝多芬的习惯：用极端的强度增加音量，然后用突然轻柔的乐段紧随其后，这种方式很少被他之前的作曲家使用。

　　(49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.

　　断句：

　　① Especially significant was his view of freedom,

　　②which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual:

　　③ he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.

　　各部分结构：

　　① 倒装句：表语(Especially significant )+系动词(was )+主语(his view of freedom)

　　②主语(which)+插入语( for him)+谓语( was associated with)+宾语( the rights and responsibilities of the individual，其中of the individual修饰the rights and responsibilities)

　　③ 主语(he)+谓语( advocated)+宾语( freedom of thought and of personal expression，其中of thought 和of personal expression都修饰freedom)

　　参考译文：尤其重要的是他对于自由的观点，对于他来说，这雨个人的权利和责任相联系：他提倡思想和个人表达的自由。

　　(50)One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven by saying that suffering is inevitable, but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.

　　断句：

　　① One could interpret much of the work of Beethoven

　　② by saying that suffering is inevitable,

　　③ but the courage to fight it renders life worth living.

　　各部分结构：

　　① 主语(One)+谓语(could interpret)+宾语(much of the work of Beethoven)

　　② 方式状语：by+宾语(saying that suffering is inevitable，其中that suffering is inevitable为saying的宾语从句)

　　③ but + 主语(the courage to fight it，其中to fight it作定语修饰the courage )+谓语(renders)+宾语( life)+补语( worth living)

　　参考译文：人们可以这样诠释贝多芬的大量作品：痛苦是不可避免的，但是与之做斗争的勇气使得生命值得继续。

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